Sunday, September 29, 2013

Flooding In Jakarta


(It is my mini Research Essay in Writing Class on 4th semester )

It is common knowledge that every rainy season, several areas in Indonesia get flooded. One of the cities that always get heavy flooding is the capital, Jakarta. The flooding in 2013 began on Tuesday, 15 January, in some parts of the city as a result of heavy rains and waterways clogged with garbage and other kinds of debris. On January 16, heavy rains poured on Jakarta and its hinterland in Puncak and Bogor area. Serious flooding began along several main thoroughfares of Jakarta on the following day, Thursday, 17 January 2013, when a 30-meter-long section of Jakarta’s West Flood Canal dike on Jalan Latuharhari in Menteng collapsed. Many efforts were made by people to overcome this problem. Well, this essay aims the following questions can be answered
1.      Why does Jakarta easily get flood ?
2.      What is the result of the flood ?
3.      What is the response of the government ?

Why does Jakarta easily get flood ?

Jakarta, with its booming population, is facing a challenge from anthropogenic climate change. The city represents an exceptional concentration of 10 million people located close to the sea’s edge and therefore vulnerable to rising sea levels. (Sukardjo, 2013)
 Jakarta is a delta city that has constantly been at risk of flooding. During the Indonesia Delta Forum held in Semarang in October 2010, the unabated flood problems beleaguering Jakarta were discussed, and 13 rivers running from Mount Gede, Mt. Pangrango and Mt. Salak in West Java were identified as permanent threats to the capital city. The quality of all river catchment areas has been degraded due to disposal of solid and domestic waste, continuing illegal development activities and other environmental encroachments have complicated rising sea level mitigation and adaptation efforts. (Sukardjo, 2013)
Yayat Supriatna, an urban planning expert, said that Jakarta's drainage system "is still the same as it was in the Dutch colonial era" and should be rebuilt.”The floods are caused by the failure to manage and sustain the rivers as water reservoirs. I suggest the governor dredge the rivers because if the rivers are deeper the better [the system] will function". (Vaswani, 2013)

What is the result of the flood ?
Because of the flooding, it made many bad effects, in last January for example, it was the wettest month in Jakarta. It had blocked roads and forced businesses in the capital to close. Areas including the central business district (CBD) were inundated and traffic was grid-locked as residents struggled to move around the city.
With around 95,000 people affected in different areas of the city, authorities have declared a state of emergency to allow use of national funds and other resources. About 19,000 people have relocated from the worst affected districts to safer areas. Even there were some people had killed. ( Quiano and Mullen, 2013).

What is the response of the government ?
The Jakarta administration, together with the central government, has planned a number of flood-mitigation efforts, including rehabilitation of rivers and the construction of giant sea walls on the northern coast, water reservoirs, floodways and multi-purpose deep tunnels. (Adamrah, 2013)
The Governor of Jakarta, Joko Widodo said that will be finding solutions to problems that previous administrations failed to address because of corruption or political infighting. Additionally, despite government promises to increase spending on infrastructure in recent years, projects have been held up by problems with land acquisition or by public resistance. Mr. Joko says he is not fazed. “My focus is flooding, traffic and improving public spaces,” he said after listening to a proposal for a $725 million monorail project. “I am full of hope and optimism. These problems can be settled.”  (Schonhardt, 2013)

So, from the above we can see that Jakarta prone to flooded due to the climate change, and it located close to the sea's edge and therefore vulnerable to rising sea levels. And it is also caused by several rivers overflowed around Jakarta. Due to the flooding, thousand people were suffering and it also made many business places and activities were temporarily suspended. So far, the government has made efforts to handle the floods that always happened in Jakarta.

References

Schonhardt, S. ( 2013, February 20). After Disaster, Governor Faced with Challenge of Keeping Jakarta Dry. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/21/world/asia/flooding-tests-jakarta-governor-joko-widodo.html?_r=0

Vaswani, K. (2013, January 17). Indonesian capital Jakarta hit by deadly flooding. BBC News. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-21054769

Quiano, K. & Mullen, J. (2013, January 19). Indonesia floods kill 15; thousands flee raging waters in capital. CNN. Retrieved from http://edition.cnn.com/2013/01/18/world/asia/indonesia-jakarta-floods

Sukardjo, S. (2013, January 23). Jakarta under constant threat of flooding and rising sea levels. The Jakarta Post. Retrieved from http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/01/23/jakarta-under-constant-threat-flooding-and-rising-sea-levels.html